澳洲鳕鲈(Maccullochella peelii peelii)全人工繁殖技术研究     

刘美剑  赵子明  刘明  陈苏南  郑翔隆  林阿朋  宫庆礼 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(2):371-377

澳洲鳕鲈（Maccullochella peelii peelii）为澳大利亚国宴用鱼，已引入国内开始工厂化养殖，但人工繁殖还有若干问题未解决。为实现其全人工繁殖，本研究就澳洲鳕鲈精卵同步、精子存活时间延长、选取室内工厂化养殖培育的个体作为亲本进行繁殖等人工繁殖过程中关键步骤进行了研究。结果表明精子样本常温保存6h后精子动性降低，存活时间显著缩短，96h后未发现游动精子。添加2.5%葡萄糖或1.25%葡萄糖+2.25‰氯化钠激活精子动性升高，存活时间得以延长，提示葡萄糖可能能够充当外源性能量来源，显著增强精子活力、提高繁殖效率。实验选取6-8龄室内工厂化养殖澳洲鳕鲈作为繁殖亲本，运用该方法最终获得50万尾鱼苗，证明了用室内工厂化养殖的个体作为亲本进行人工繁殖是可以满足工厂化养殖苗种需求的。  相似文献   

Effects of Aroclor 1254 on reproductive organ weight, sperm quality and testicular mitochondria oxidative stress of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris     

HE Shanying  WU Qiuling  SUN Mengdie 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(6):65-71

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris is an amphibious economic fish and wildly distributed in the southeast coast of China. In this study, Aroclor 1254 was intraperitoneally injected into B. pectinirostris with 1, 2 and 4 μg/(g·d) for 28 d to assay the reproductive organ weight, the sperm quality (sperm concentration and motility), and the testicular mitochondrial testicular mitochondria oxidative stress. The results show that the sperm number and motility in seminal vesicles, the absolute weight of testes and seminal vesicles of B. pectinirostris treated with 2 and 4 μg/(g·d) Aroclor 1254 decreased significantly as compared to the controls (p <0.05), while those treated with 1 μg/(g·d) Aroclor 1254 had no significant effects on these indictors. For the relative weight of reproductive organs, significant reduction (p <0.05) was only observed in the seminal vesicles of B. pectinirostris treated with 4 μg/(g·d). SOD activities and GSH levels in all the Aroclor 1254 treatments were significantly lower than those of the controls (p <0.05). The activities of CAT, GPx, GR and the levels of Vit C also decreased significantly in comparison with the controls (p <0.05) at the higher dose of 2 and 4 μg/(g·d) Aroclor 1254 treatments. In addition, both H₂O₂ level and MDA content in testicular mitochondria of B. pectinirostris had a close correlation with Aroclor 1254 dosage, and were significantly higher than the controls (p <0.05). Those indicate that Aroclor 1254 can induce the oxidative stress of testicular mitochondria, and impair the reproductive function of male B. pectinirostris.  相似文献   

不同温度保存对黑鲷精子生理特性的影响     

江世贵  区又君  李加儿 《热带海洋学报》1999,(4)

分别采用室温(21℃左右)、低温(3—5℃,冰箱)和超低温(-196℃,液氮)保存黑鲷Sparusmacrocephalus(Basilewsky)精子,探讨不同温度保存对黑鲷精子生理特性的影响。在室温条件下,黑鲷精子活力随保存时间的延长而下降,保存4h后的精子失去激烈运动的能力。在低温条件下,黑鲷精子寿命有所延长。黑鲷精子经过超低温保存后,其激活率、受精率与鲜精的接近,精子活力则有所下降。黑鲷新鲜精子在海水盐度为10时能被激活,但经过超低温保存后的黑鲷精子激活所需的最低盐度必需在10以上。  相似文献   

超低温保存后大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)精子的生理活性及其超微结构研究     

张雪雷  王文琪  肖志忠  徐长安  蒋日进  徐世宏  马道远  肖永双  武宁宁  刘清华  李军 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(4):1103-1107

采用计算机辅助分析和电子显微镜方法, 对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)精子生理活性(运动率、运动速度和寿命)和超微结构进行观察, 研究其精子经超低温保存后质量变化情况, 得到了新鲜精子的路径速度[(101.91±9.30)?m/s]、运动率(88.30%±2.62%)和寿命[(368.00±111.50)h], 以及冷冻精子的路径速度[(76.78±8.49)?m/s]、运动率(65.60%±4.76%)和寿命[(120.00±12.00)h]。结果表明, 新鲜精子的生理特性好于冷冻精子。同时通过电镜去进行超微结构分析, 发现大菱鲆精子经过超低温保存后, 40%—60%的精子基本保持正常的形态结构, 其余精子遭受不同程度的机械损伤。其中膜损伤为主要损伤, 损伤精子中60%—70%带有膜损伤。推测大菱鲆精子在冷冻解冻过程中遭受到的机械损伤可能是导致冻精生理活性显著下降的主要原因。  相似文献   

Sperm Nuclear Expansion and Meiotic Maturation in Normal and Gynogenetic Eggs of the Scallop, Chlamys farreri     

PAN Ying LI Qi YU Ruihai WANG Rucai 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(1):103-107

Sperm nuclear expansion, meiosis and the association of the male and female pronuclei leading to the four-cell stage in normal Chlamysfarreri eggs were observed under a fluorescence microscope. The effects of ultraviolet （UV） irradiation on the fertilizing sperm were also examined. Both normal and UV-irradiated sperm nuclei enlarged at three distinct phases （phase A, metaphase I; phase B, polar body formation; and phase C, female pronuclear development and expansion） that were temporally correlated with meiotic process of the maternal chromosomes. Sperm nuclei underwent a rapid, initial enlargement during phase A, but condensed slightly during phase B, then re-enlarged during phase C. The effects of UV irradiation were not apparent during transformation of the sperm nucleus into a male pronucleus, and there was not any apparent effect on meiotic maturation and development of the female pronucleus. However, the rate of expansion of the UV-irradiated sperm nuclei and the size of male pronuclei were reduced apparently. Unlike the female pronucleus, the male pronucleus derived from sperm genome inactivated by UV irradiation did not form chromosomes, but became a dense chromatin body （DCB）. At mitotic anaphase, DCB did not participate in the karyokinesis of the first cleavage as evidenced by chromosomal nondisjunction, demonstrating the effectiveness of using UV irradiation to induce gynogenetic scallop embryos.  相似文献   

Cryopreservation of Gametophytes of Laminaria japonica （Phaeophyta） Using Encapsulation-Dehydration with Two-Step Cooling Method     

ZHANG Quansheng CONG Yizhou QU Shancun LUO Shiju YANG Guanpin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(1):65-71

Gametophytes of Laminaria japonica were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen using encapsulation-dehydration with two-step cooling method. Gametophytes cultured at 10℃ and under continuous irradiance of 30 μmol m-2 s-1 for 3 weeks were encapsulated in calcium alginate beads. The beads were dehydrated in 0.4 molL-1 sucrose prepared with seawater for 6 h, desiccated in an incubator set at 10℃ and 70% relative humidity for 4 h, pre-frozen at either -40℃ or -60℃ for 30 min, and stored in liquid nitrogen for ＞24 h. As high as 43% of survival rate was observed when gametophytes were thawed by placing the beads in 40℃seawater and re-hydrated in 0.05 molL-1 citrate sodium prepared using 30‰ NaC1 7 d later. More cells of male gametophytes survived the whole procedure in comparison with female gametophytes. The cells of gametophytes surviving the preservation were able to grow asexually and produce morphologically normal sporophytes.  相似文献   

The Cawthron Institute Culture Collection of Micro-algae: a significant national collection     

L Rhodes  KF Smith  L MacKenzie  SA Wood  K Ponikla  DT Harwood 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2016,50(2):291-316

The Cawthron Institute Culture Collection of Micro-algae (CICCM) is a unique, nationally and internationally significant collection of 450 strains of approximately 100 micro-algae and 50 cyanobacteria species, both living and cryopreserved. The collection comprises 13 taxonomic classes and underpins research into the ecology and taxonomy of the isolates and the biotoxins they produce and their toxicity. The CICCM expanded significantly in the 1990s after a major harmful algae bloom event in the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. Since 2000, it has underpinned development of molecular detection tools and enabled development of new chemical testing methods for biotoxins in seafood. The tropical collection allows research into potential issues for New Zealand as the oceans warm, for example, the risks of ciguatera fish poisoning and palytoxins in seafood. Research results generated from isolates in the cyanobacterial collection have assisted national risk management regarding drinking water and informed the development of the New Zealand guidelines for managing cyanobacteria in recreational fresh waters. The actual living and cryopreserved micro-algae and cyanobacteria collection (without infrastructure) has a current estimated value of NZ$1.6 million.  相似文献   

微藻的保种技术及其应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

潘克厚  朱葆华 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(3):403-408

本文介绍了微藻保种的几种常用方法 ,包括继代保存、固定化保存和超低温保存。结果表明 :继代保存简便易行 ,在生产和科研实践中比较实用 ;而固定化保存可用于较长期保存 ;超低温保存则可用于长期保存。另外 ,还对这几种保种技术的研究及应用现状进行了简单概述 ,以期能对微藻保种工作的开展有所裨益  相似文献   

贝类种质资源保护研究进展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

孙振兴  常林瑞 《海洋湖沼通报》2005,(3):103-108

种质资源保护是保护生物学的重要内容之一。保护贝类种质资源，是使我国贝类养殖业健康持续发展的可靠保障。本文根据国内外近年的研究成果，对种质资源保护的方式、生物技术在贝类种质资源保护中的应用进行了综述，并展望了今后的发展趋势。  相似文献   

海带雌性配子体克隆细胞的超低温保存实验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘涛  张静  孟祥红  王翔宇  崔竞进 《海洋学报》2006,28(2):175-177

生物种质资源保存的超低温冷冻保存技术在国内外已进行了广泛的研究[1],在藻类种质保存工作方面,绿藻、硅藻、蓝藻[2~6]以及紫菜[7~9]的超低温保存工作也取得了良好的进展.海带配子体(克隆)是一种以有丝分裂方式进行细胞增殖的微小藻体,并可通过两性生殖或单性生殖发育成大型叶状体.  相似文献